Q
Quality: Conformance to requirements or fitness for use. Quality can
be defined through five principal approaches:
1) Transcendent quality is an ideal,
a condition of excellence.
2) Product-based quality is based on
a product attribute.
3) User-based quality is fitness for
use.
4) Manufacturing-based quality is
conformance to requirements.
5) Value-based quality is the degree
of excellence to an acceptable price.
Also, quality has two major
components:
a)
quality of conformance - quality is defined by the absence of defects.
b)
quality of design - quality is measured by the degree of customer satisfaction
with a product's characteristics and features.
Quality
Circle: In quality management, a small
group of people who normally work as a unit and meet frequently to uncover and
solve problems concerning the quality of items produced, process capability, or
process control. Also see: Small Group Improvement Activity.
Quality Control: The management function that attempts to ensure that the
goods or services in a firm manufacturers or purchases meet the product or
service specifications.
Quality Function Deployment (QFD): A structured method for translating user requirements into
detailed design specifications using a continual stream of "what-how"
matrices. QFD links the needs of the customer (end user) with design,
development, engineering, manufacturing, and service functions. It helps
organizations seek out both spoken and unspoken needs, translate these into
actions and designs, and focus various business functions toward achieving this
common goal.
Quarantine: The setting aside of items from availability for use or
sale until all required quality tests have been performed and conformance
certified.
Quick Response (QR): A
strategy widely adopted by general merchandise and soft lines retailers and
manufacturers to reduce retail out of stocks, forced markdowns, and operating
expenses. These goals are accomplished through shipping accuracy and reduced
response time. QR is a partnership strategy in which suppliers and retailers
work together to respond more rapidly to the consumer by sharing point-of-sale
scan data, enabling both to forecast replenishment needs.
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